The fossil fuel emissions of CO2, measured in billions of tons Carbon per year, from the Developed, Developing A, and Developing B country groups.

Close

Change these values to set future fossil fuel emissions as a percentage of 2005 emissions reached by 2050, with reductions starting in 2012. For example, "100" would be a 100% increase of 2005 emissions, i.e., a doubling. "0" would flatten at 2005 levels. "-80" would be a 80% decrease of 2005 levels by 2050.

Close

% Change of emissions, positive or negative, relative to the emissions in the Reference Year divided evenly across each of the years from the Start Year until the Target Year. For example, a value of "50" would increase emissions to 50% above the Reference levels starting in the Start Year and ending in the Target Year. "-80" would be an 80% decrease of Reference levels.

Note that the initial values for % Change (500) are set arbitrarily high so that the built-in "Business as Usual" scenario (BAU) can run unconstrained to create the initial baseline simulation run.

Close

This year sets the emissions target against which changes are measured.

Close

The year in which emissions reductions begin.

Close

The year in which the emissions targets expressed by the % Change, are met.

Close

Many of the most developed nations. US, EU (27 countries) plus Norway and Sweden, Russia and former Soviet States, Japan, Canada, South Korea, New Zealand and Australia.

Close

Many of the fastest developing and larger nations. China, India, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia, and other large developing Asian countries.

Close

Smaller developing countries in the Middle East, Latin America, Africa, and Asia.

Close

Decrease to reduce deforestation and reduce CO2 land use emissions. This value is a "0-1" index for future "land use" emissions where a value of 1 yields constant emissions through 2050, 0 yields a 90% drop by 2050, and 0.5 yields a drop of 45%.

Close

CO2 land use emissions from deforestation.

Close

Increase to remove more CO2 from the atmosphere by growing trees. This value is a "0-1" index for the annual removal of CO2 from the atmosphere due to the creation of new forests, starting in 2009 and continuing until 2050. A value of 1 delivers the IPCC estimated maximum of 1.6 billion tons Carbon removed per year; 0.5 delivers half of the maximum.

Close

Annual removal of CO2 from the atmosphere due to the creation of new forests.

Close

For deforestation, this is a "0-1" index for future "land use" emissions where a value of 1 yields constant emissions through 2050, 0 yields a 90% drop by 2050, and .5 yields a drop of 45%. For afforestation, this is a "0-1" index for the annual removal of CO2 from the atmosphere due to the creation of new forests, starting in 2009 and continuing until 2050, where a value of 1 delivers the IPCC estimated maximum of 1.6 billion tons Carbon removed per year; .5 delivers half of the maximum.

Close

Atmospheric CO2 concentration in the year 2100, in parts per million.

Close

CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, in parts per million.

Close

Global average temperature change above the average pre-industrial level, in degrees Celsius.

Close

Global average temperature change by the year 2100, in degrees Celsius.

Close

Your goal for CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Shows up on "CO2 Concentration in the Atmosphere" as a horizontal line. Many recommended goals range from 350 ppm to 450 ppm.

Close

The percent of the gap between the "business as usual" future CO2 concentration in 2100 and the "goal" future CO2 in 2100 that is closed by the scenario created. This assesses how close your scenario is to the goal for CO2. For example, 50 would be "halfway there," and 75 would be "three quarters of the way there."

Close

Main Control Panel

Change sliders or values below and then click "Run Simulation". See the graphical representations of your decisions below and explore climate impacts in the graphs to the right and using the menu options above.

icons

Fossil Fuel
Emissions from:
%
Change
Refer-
ence
Year
Start
Year
Target
Year
Developed Countries
Developing Countries A
Developing Countries B
CO2 billion tons per year Click to Enlarge, Right Click to Copy Click for more info
(0-1 index between high and low values)
Emissions from Deforestation
slider image
Sequestration from Afforestation
slider image
Deforestation CO2 billion tons per year Click to Enlarge, Right Click to Copy Click for more info
Click to Enlarge
Afforestation CO2 billion tons per year Click to Enlarge, Right Click to Copy Click for more info
Click to Enlarge
Goal for CO2 in the Atmosphere

parts per million

Change scenario name(s)
Reset Inputs Clear Runs
 

Impacts

parts per million Click to Enlarge, Right Click to Copy Click for more info
hi

CO2

hi

BAU CO2

hi

Goal

CO2 in 2100: 955 ppm
Gap closing %: 0
Temperature increase degrees Celsius Click to Enlarge, Right Click to Copy Click for more info
hi

Temperature

hi

BAU Temperature

Temperature change by 2100: 4.6 degrees C
Comments/Suggestions?
© 2009 Sustainability Institute
Climate Interactive Sustainability Institute MIT Sloan System Dynamics Ventana Systems, Inc. Climate Action Initiative Forio Business Simulations